Guru is provider of knowledge of both kinds, evident (प्रत्यक्ष) and non-evident (परोक्ष). He is also provider of karma as well as bhakti. In the realm of sadhana two words are mostly used, Guru and Sadguru. In normal gaze both names are one and the same thing. In the highest idealistic thinking there is nothing as Asadguru (असद्गुरु). If complete truth is representation of unfragmented truth, by whose blessing this truth is realized, he alone is Sadguru. The fragmented part of truth which is though indifferent from unfragmented truth is understood differently on the level of intellect. Thise who sermonise this fragmented knowledge, provide this fragmented or limited knowledge, they are known as Khand-Guru (खण्ड-गुरु). So both fragmented and unfragmented knowledge provision is associated with the word Guru. In the fragmented truth there are many levels existing, hence different levels of gurus too. But in the unfragmented or oneness state of truth, there are no levels.
Whole creation is under the spell of illusion or maya. Impure creation is created by impure maya and pure creation which though not a creation but still is counted as one, comes from pure maya. In the base of impure creation is ignorance, and its natural attribute is atttachment (आसक्ति). In the base of pure creation is knowledge (विद्या), shakti (शक्ति) and bliss (आनन्द) are attached with it. Beyond the realm of maya and mahamaya is Vishudh or purest form of Atma. This pure atma form though beyond the creation is still impregnates all creation. This is complete truth. The imagined fragmented form of this very creation, is exhibited in the form of pain-pleasure is ignorant creation and exhibited in the form of Shakti and bliss in the pure creation. For realization of the self, one has to transcend both of these realms. Then on this path after complete development of shakti, one realizes the form of Shiva's Maheshwar (महेश्वर) form.
The prime objective of the Guru is to remove the pain of his disciple. After getting under the spell of mayic creation, jeev gets attached to karma (कर्म)- sanskar (संस्कार)- ego (अहम्) that 'I am the doer', thus performing actions and expereincing its fruits for aeons. From lives and lives this flow is continuos. Till differentiated and egotistical thinking is not overcome, one will never get free from this cycle of life and death or cycle of time (काल). Atma is cause of everything, this jeev has forgotten. Experiencing its form as gross due to the effect of Maya, it has undertaken a great forgetfullness. Due to this only, a jeev falls in the realm of karma and experiences various frutis thereby. From the above realm of Devlok to lowest of Tiryak (तिर्यक) realm, there are innumerable jeevas. All are moving in this cycle of life and death. The cosncious atma, till it separates itself from the ignorant state and realizes its true entity, it will not come out of this cycle of maya. One who providing grace to such jeevas gets them free of this ignorance and help them attain complete freedom are known as Guru. This knowledge is known as discriminative knowledge (विवेक ज्ञान). This is known as Kaivalya mukti and some call it nirvan, but this also is not the ultimate stage. Because atma though got free of the mayic pains but still it has not realized its full potential.
Atma alone is Parmatma or Maheshwar. This state can not be attained even by attainment of Kaivalya (कैवल्य). For that complete awakening of its inherent power is desired. Till that arises fully, even then fully free atma is shav and can not experience Shivahood. Shiv can never be without Shakti, both are one. Till the shakti takes perceptible form from its impercetible state, and develops its full potential in a jeeva, full of development of spiritual life can not take place what to say of oneness with it. But whne it develops fully, then no difference exists between Shiv (शिव) and Shakti (शक्ति) or Jeev and Shiv. Then all three of these then light up one entity of atma alone. One who helps a disciple to attain this state is known as Sadguru.
Knowledge which is of two kinds, namely, perceptible and imperceptible, Is it possible to pass on imperceptible knowledge to anyone if one has attained it. The answer to it is 'No'. Two helping powers of knowledge are Iccha (इच्छा) Shakti (power of desire) and Kriya Shakti (power of action). The desire to remove somebody;'s pain is called Karuna or mercy. One who is without such desire, why would he involve himself in this act. Tere is no mercy or Karuna (करुणा) in a desireless person. Just by plain desire also, work can not be performed. After desire is fully generated, action starts appearing. These are the characteristics of a Sadguru. With the desire of Guru, in the heart of disciple a river of knowledge starts flowing, due to Guru's kriya shakti all the obstructions of disciple are removed, such ideals are exhibited, only aby a Sadguru.........shaktanand.blogspot.com.
from 'Diksha' written by Pt.Gopinath Kaviraj ji and translated into Hindi by Vishwanath Mukherji.
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